Regional vaccination requirements
Europe Caribbean Central & South America Asia Africa

Click on the region on the map that you are planning to visit

Europe

Travel is a good opportunity to update your protection against tetanus/diphtheria/polio; if it is more than ten years since your last booster, you should have one now.

If you are travelling to southern or eastern Europe, and particularly if you will be swimming or diving in the Mediterranean, protection against hepatitis A may be worthwhile.

Hepatitis A vaccines provide long-term protection — at least 25 years. The vaccine should ideally be given at least 2 weeks before travel; the initial dose provides protection for at least one year; a second dose is needed for long term protection, and this should usually be given 6 and 12 months later. A combined injection of hepatitis A and typhoid vaccines is available.

If you will be walking or hiking in central, eastern and southern Europe, you may be at risk from tick-borne encephalitis, a viral infection spread by ticks; vaccination may be advisable.

It may be worth travelling with a medical kit containing common medicines.

Caribbean

Protection against tetanus/diphtheria/polio is highly recommended; if it is more than ten years since your last booster, you should have one now. 

Protection against typhoid may also advisable. The injected typhoid vaccine causes very little reaction and is given as a single dose.

Hepatitis A vaccines provide long-term protection — at least 25 years. The vaccine should ideally be given at least 2 weeks before travel; the initial dose provides protection for at least one year; a second dose is needed for long term protection, and this should usually be given 6 and 12 months later. A combined injection of hepatitis A and typhoid vaccines is available. 

The drinkable cholera vaccine (Dukoral) - which also gives some protection from travellers’ diarrhoea - may be suitable for some travellers. It is strongly recommended for travel to Haiti and/or Dominican Republic.

Malaria medication is only necessary for travel to Haiti and the Dominican Republic.

Dengue fever is an insect-borne virus that may be transmitted in most parts of the Caribbean. No vaccine is available, but insect repellents will considerably reduce the risk. Please ask us for further information.

We also advice you to travel with a medical kit containing items that may not easily be available at your destination.

Central & South America

Protection against tetanus/diphtheria/polio is highly recommended; if it is more than ten years since your last booster, you should have one now.

Protection against typhoid may also be advisable. The injected typhoid vaccine causes very little reaction and is given as a single dose. 

Hepatitis A vaccines provide long-term protection — at least 25 years. The vaccine should ideally be given at least 2 weeks before travel; the initial dose provides protection for at least one year; a second dose is needed for long term protection, and this should usually be given 6 and 12 months later. A combined injection of hepatitis A and typhoid vaccines is available..

You may need a yellow fever vaccination as a condition of entry; please give us your full itinerary including any transit points and onward destinations, so that we can advise you. You may also need vaccination for you own protection, particularly in the Amazon and Orinoco basins, and in regions that may not have a formal requirement for vaccination. There have been recent deaths from yellow fever in visitors.

Protection against rabies may also be a sensible precaution, because dog and animal bites are common in travellers, and because safe vaccines and good medical treatment may not be easily available at your destination.

For longer term or frequent visitors, hepatitis B should be considered.

The drinkable cholera vaccine (Dukoral) - which also gives some protection from travellers’ diarrhoea - may be suitable for some travellers.

Malaria medication and careful anti-insect measures are essential for most destinations.

We also advice you to travel with a medical kit containing items that may not easily be available at your destination.

Asia

Protection against tetanus/diphtheria and polio is highly recommended; if it is more than ten years since your last booster, you should have one now.

Protection against typhoid is also advisable. The injected typhoid vaccine causes very little reaction and is given as a single dose. 

Hepatitis A vaccines provide long-term protection — at least 25 years. The vaccine should ideally be given at least 2 weeks before travel; the initial dose provides protection for at least one year; a second dose is needed for long term protection, and this should usually be given 6 and 12 months later. A combined injection of hepatitis A and typhoid vaccines is available.

Protection against rabies may also be a sensible precaution, because dog and animal bites are common in travellers, and because safe vaccines and good medical treatment may not be easily available at your destination.

Meningitis vaccination may be advisable for parts of India and Nepal.

You may need a yellow fever vaccination certificate if you are arriving in Asia directly from an infected region of Africa or South America.

Protection against Japanese encephalitis may be advisable for travellers to rural parts of Asia: please ask us for details.

For longer term or frequent visitors, hepatitis B vaccination should be considered.

The drinkable cholera vaccine (Dukoral) - which also gives some protection from travellers’ diarrhoea - may be suitable for some travellers.

Malaria medication is not advised for Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Phuket and the other islands in the region; Singapore; Hong Kong; and Bali. It is present in many other parts of Asia, however, and malaria medication and careful anti-insect measures are essential for many other destinations in the region.Depending upon where you are going, there may be a high risk of food- and water-borne infection.

We also advice you to travel with a medical kit containing items that may not easily be available at your destination.

Africa

Protection against tetanus/diphtheria and polio is highly recommended; if it is more than ten years since your last booster, you should have one now.

Protection against typhoid is also advisable. The injected typhoid vaccine causes very little reaction and is given as a single dose. 

Hepatitis A vaccines provide long-term protection — at least 25 years. The vaccine should ideally be given at least 2 weeks before travel; the initial dose provides protection for at least one year; a second dose is needed for long term protection, and this should usually be given 6 and 12 months later. A combined injection of hepatitis A and typhoid vaccines is available.

You may need a yellow fever vaccination as a condition of entry; please give us your full itinerary including any transit points and onward destination, so that we can advise you. You may also need vaccination for you own protection in a country that does not have a formal requirement for vaccination.

Protection against meningitis is advisable for travellers to countries in the Sahel - the region just south of the Sahara; and also to parts of East and Central Africa.

Protection against rabies may also be a sensible precaution, because dog and animal bites are common in travellers, and because safe vaccines and good medical treatment may not be easily available at your destination.

For longer term or frequent visitors, hepatitis B should be considered.

The drinkable cholera vaccine (Dukoral) - which also gives some protection from travellers’ diarrhoea - may be suitable for some travellers.

Malaria medication and careful anti-insect measures are essential for most destinations.

We also advice you to travel with a medical kit containing items that may not easily be available at your destination.


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